10B - Early bids
Pharasal verbs, and their word order:
Phrasal verbs are made of a verb plus one or two particles.
My cat wakes* me **up every morning.
The noise is terrible. I can’t put up with it any longer.
The particles modify the meaning of the verb, sometimes just slightly, but sometimes more greatly.
I brought my children (Bring = transportar a donde vos estás)
I brought my children up (Bring up = educar o criar)
I can’t tell him and his brother. (Tell = decir algo a)
I can’t tell Tim and his brother apart. (Tell apart = diferenciar entre dos personas)
In terms of word order, there are two types of phrasal verbs: separable and inseparable.
Separable phrasal verbs
Separable phrasal verbs are transitive (Which means they take a direct object). The ofject is underliuned below. You can put the object between the verb and the particle, separating them:
She took the rubbish out.
Or you can keep the verb and particle together, and put the object after the particle:
She took out the rubbish.
Both ways have the same meaning. However, when the object is a pronoun, only the separated form can be used, the verb must go between the verb and particle.
She took it out.
She took it out.
Even though the separated and unseparated forms are both gramatically correct (Except when pronouns are used), in certain contexts, one form is preffered over the other.
Separation is preferred in spoken english if the speaker stresses the particle with their voice.
Take that rubbish OUT! (Take OUT that rubbish is also possible, but less preferred.)
Don’t turn the volume UP, turn it DOWN! (Don’t turn UP the volume is also possible, but less preferred.)
On the other hand, keeping the verb and particle together is preferred if the object is long or structurally complex.
It’s my job to sort out any kind of problem ocurring in out company’s computer systems.
She took out all the rubbish from the party.
Inseparable phrasal verbs
Some phrasal verbs cannot be separated at all. For some verbs, this is because they are intransive (which means they can’t take a direct object.)
My job isn’t very well paid but it gives me enough to get by.
I grew up in London.
Other inseparable phrasal verbs can take an object. If they have a preposition as a particle, the phrasal verbs is always inseparable because the objet must follow the preposition.
I came up with a great idea.
I came up a great idea with.
This is also true when using a pronoun.
I’ve got a great idea! I came up with it just now.
I’ve got a great idea! I came up it with just now.
However, the direct object may appear earlier in the sentence.
I want to tell you about a great idea that I came up with.
You’re a great role model for your younger brother. He’s lucky to have you to look up to.
here you have an extensive list of phrasal verbs. (It’s a 137 page pdf, you don’t have to study it.)
Excercises
Answer the questions out loud:
- What time do you wake up during the week?
- Do you use an alarm to wake up? If not, what makes you wake up?
- Do you get up immeadiately after you wake up?
- When you first get up do you feel sleepy or energetic?
Explain what the underlined verbs mean:
- “The alarm goes off at 2:35”
- “I wake up on time because I have an alarm that repeats.”
- “I get up at about 4:45.”
- “During the week we don’t go out at all.”
- “I really love my breakfast show, and I never want to give it up.”